What is SH-7?
Form SH-7 (Notice to Registrar of any Alteration of Share Capital) is the statutory e-Form prescribed under Section 64(1) of the Companies Act, 2013 and Rule 15 of the Companies (Share Capital and Debentures) Rules, 2014. It must be filed by any company having a share capital whenever it executes an alteration of its capital structure under Section 61(1), Section 62(4), or Section 55.
Under Section 61(1), an alteration of share capital encompasses six distinct corporate actions:
- Increase in Authorised Share Capital: Expanding the maximum equity or preference nominal capital limit specified in Clause V of the Memorandum of Association.
- Consolidation of Shares: Consolidating and dividing all or any share capital into shares of larger denomination (e.g., consolidating ten ₹10 shares into one ₹100 share).
- Sub-division of Shares (Stock Split): Dividing existing shares into shares of smaller denomination (e.g., splitting one ₹10 share into ten ₹1 shares) to boost liquidity and retail participation.
- Cancellation / Diminution of Capital: Cancelling shares that have not been taken or agreed to be taken by any person.
- Conversion into Stock: Converting fully paid-up shares into stock and reconverting stock into fully paid-up shares.
- Redemption of Preference Shares: Reporting the statutory redemption of redeemable preference shares under Section 55.
Who Must File SH-7?
Every company registered under the Companies Act, 2013 having a share capital must file Form SH-7 whenever it alters its capital. This includes:
- Private Limited Companies (expanding capital for angel, seed, venture capital, or private equity rounds)
- Public Limited Companies (Unlisted & Listed) (expanding authorized ceiling for rights issues, bonus issues, or institutional placements)
- One Person Companies (OPCs)
- Small Companies
- DPIIT-Recognised Startups
- Producer Companies
- Section 8 Non-Profit Companies having share capital
Exempt Entities: Companies limited by guarantee not having a share capital and Limited Liability Partnerships (LLPs) are exempt from Form SH-7 (LLPs file Form 3 for capital contribution changes).
SH-7 Due Date & Timeline
The Strict 30-Day Statutory Clock
Pursuant to Section 64(1), Form SH-7 must be filed with the Registrar of Companies strictly within 30 calendar days from the triggering legal event:
- General Meeting Resolution: The 30-day clock begins running on the exact date when the shareholders passed the resolution in the Extraordinary General Meeting (EGM) or Annual General Meeting (AGM) (Day 0). Day 1 begins on the subsequent day under Section 9 of the General Clauses Act, 1897.
- Government Order (Section 62(4)): If capital is increased pursuant to an order of the Central Government converting loans/debentures into equity, the 30-day window runs from the date of receipt of the government order.
No Inherent Extension: The 30-day deadline cannot be extended by ROC or MCA administrative discretion. Any filing on or after Day 31 triggers automatic Table B escalation multipliers and civil adjudication liabilities.
Consequences of Late Filing SH-7
Triple Exposure Framework for Delayed Form SH-7
Failing to file Form SH-7 within the 30-day statutory window exposes the company and its key management to three distinct regulatory liabilities:
1. Table B Additional Late Filing Fees (MCA V3 Portal)
The MCA V3 system automatically levies compounding multipliers on the base filing fee:
- Delay up to 30 days: 2× normal base fee
- Delay 31 to 60 days: 4× normal base fee
- Delay 61 to 90 days: 6× normal base fee
- Delay 91 to 180 days: 10× normal base fee
- Delay beyond 180 days: 12× normal base fee
2. Section 64(2) Daily Statutory Adjudication Penalties
Under Section 64(2) as amended by the Companies (Amendment) Act, 2019, default triggers severe daily penalties:
- Company: ₹500 for each day during which default continues, capped at ₹5,00,000.
- Every Officer in Default: ₹500 for each day during which default continues, capped at ₹1,00,000 per officer. Directors must discharge this liability personally.
- Section 446B Relief: Small Companies, OPCs, DPIIT Startups, and Producer Companies pay 50% reduced penalties (capped at ₹2,00,000 for the company and ₹1,00,000 per officer).
3. Freeze on Downstream Share Allotment (Form PAS-3)
Under corporate law, a company cannot allot new shares in excess of its existing authorized capital. If Form SH-7 is not filed and approved, the MCA master data will not reflect the increased capital, blocking the company from filing Form PAS-3 (Return of Allotment). Under Section 42(6), subscription funds cannot be utilised until PAS-3 is submitted, effectively freezing the company’s capital round.